14. Slovar izrazov

AAC

Advanced Audio Coding (AAC) is a patented audio compression algorithm which uses a form of lossy data compression. Designed to be the successor to MP3, AAC generally achieves better sound quality at similar bit rates. While the .AAC extension is sometimes used for AAC-encoded files, they are typically saved with an .M4A file extension.

AIFF

Short for Audio Interchange File Format. High-quality digital audio file format, similar to .wav files. Contains CD-quality audio stored in a non-compressed, lossless format. AIFF files generally end with a .AIFF or .AIF extension.

bitna hitrost

Describe the quality of an audio or video file. For audio data the bitrate is commonly measured in Kbps. For example, an MP3 audio file that is compressed at 192 Kbps will have a greater dynamic range and may sound slightly more clear than the same audio file compressed at 128 Kbps.

BPM

Beats per minute (BPM) is used as a measure of tempo in music. If you tap your foot to music you are following the “beat”. If you count how many taps you do in a minute you have calculated the BPM.

brez izgub

Used when describing audio compression algorithms, a lossless algorithm is one which results in no loss in audio quality when used.

CDJ

CDJ is a term originally used to describe a line of CD players from Pioneer Electronics. Today CDJ generally refers to DJ CD players that work like a record player. They allow analog control of music using CDs, usually using a touch sensitive emulated vinyl control surface.

cue izotčnica

A Cue or Cue point is a reference point in the track usually placed on the position the DJ wants the track to start at by default. This is useful to instantly jump to that point without seeking through the track.

časovna koda

Used here in conjunction with vinyl control. A special audio signal on a control vinyl or control CD (timecode media) that a computer can listen to in order to determine speed, direction and position of the playback.

db

Short for decibels. A Decibel is a logarithmic measurement of sound level. Whispering is around 25 dB while unbearable sound such as a jet engine is around 160 db. Rule of thumb: A volume increase of 10 dB is perceived as twice as loud.

DRM

Digital Rights Management (DRM) technologies attempt to control what you can and can’t do with the media and hardware you’ve purchased. Typically, a DRM system either encrypts the data so that it can only be accessed in a way authorized by copyright holders or marks content with a digital watermark or similar method so that the content can not be freely distributed. For information about how you can get involved in activism against DRM, see Defective by Design.

faza

Faza skladbe je njen relativni položaj glede na drugo skladbo. Če sta dve skladbi sinhonizirani na enak tempo in sta v fazi, bi se morali predvajati tako, da bi njuna ritma morala biti poravanana.

FLAC

Free Lossless Audio Compression (FLAC), a patent-free audio compression similar to MP3 but lossless (i.e. there is no loss in audio quality when used). FLAC files generally end with a .FLAC extension.

flanger

Flanger je efekt, ki meša vhodni signal z zamaknjeno kopijo istega signala, kar povzroči interference v signalu in ustvari učinek bučenja. S preusmerjanjem izhoda efekta nazaj v vhod (povratni učinek ali feedback) se učinek poudari.

glasnost

A term that refers to the degree of sound intensity or audibility; loudness. A volume control is used to adjust the output gain setting.

glavni master izhod

The master output is the main audio output. It is what your audience hears.

gramofonsko upravljanje

Metoda nadziranja DJ programov, ki oponaša tradicionalno didžejanje z dvema gramofonoma. Z uporabo posebne nosilca s časovno kodo, Dj aplikacijo analizira časovno kodo signala in simulira zvok in občutek, kot da bi delali z glasbeno zbirko gramofosnkih plošč.

GUI

Short for “Graphical User Interface” and is pronounced “gooey”. It refers to a user interface based on graphics (icons, pictures and menus) instead of text. In Mixxx, it uses a mouse, keyboard, or MIDI / HID controllers as input devices.

gumb slušalke

Gumb slušalk prikazuje ali v slušalkah predposlušate predvajalnik ali vzorčevalnik.

gumb slušalke/miks

The head/mix button is used to control how much you mix the master output into your headphone output. This can be very useful when cueing a track, because you can test out how it sounds when mixed with the main mix in your headphones, before letting the audience hear the track.

HID

Short for for Human Interface Device, a part of the USB specification. It specifies a device class (a type of computer hardware) for human interface devices such as keyboards, mice and game controllers.

HID controller

An external hardware device that generates and transmits HID data to HID-enabled hardware or software (e.g. Mixxx). Connected to your computer via USB, HID controllers allow you to control audio applications among others. Many DJs prefer to control DJ software using physical knobs, faders, and wheels instead of using a computer keyboard. Besides the known DJ controllers also keyboards, mice and game controllers are some of the most popular HID devices. Compared to MIDI it also allows use of advanced features such as those found on modern CDJs, e.g. display screens and high-resolution jogwheels.

hitro previjanje nazaj

The opposite of fast-forward. If you press the fast-rewind button the audio will play in reverse with increased speed as long as the button is pressed.

hitro-previjanje

To cause something to advance at quicker than normal speed. In terms of audio software that means if you press the fast-forward button the audio will play with increased speed as long as the button is pressed. This is useful to seek through a track.

hotcue iztočnica

Similar to the main cue point, a hotcue is a reference point in the track. DJs usually place hotcues at distinctive positions within a track such as drops, breaks or kicks and snares. Mixxx supports up to 36 hotcues.

HSV

HSV stands for hue, saturation, and value, and is also often called HSB (B for brightness). The HSV Color Model represents color in a way more suited to the human perception of color. For example, the relationships “stronger than”, “darker than”, and “the opposite of” are easily expressed in HSV. In contrast, the representation of the hardware-oriented RGB model is close to what most monitors show.

icecast

Icecast is free and open-source software that allows digital audio content to be broadcast to and from media player software, enabling the creation of Internet radio stations. Unlike Shoutcast, the software provides the ability to stream in free file formats like Ogg Vorbis and run your own directory server.

IRC

Internet Relay Chat (IRC) is a an online chat network. The Mixxx IRC channel can be found on the FreeNode IRC Network in the #mixxx channel.

izenačevanje ritma

Tehnika miksanja, ki se uporablja za usklajevanje tempa dveh ali več skladb, da zvenijo kot ena skladba.

izhod slušalk

Izhod slušalk je to, kar slišite v vaših slušalkah.

izvršljive

Files that contain compiled computer code, which was compiled from source code. Source code, which is usually a bunch of text files, is processed with a program called a compiler. The compiler then generates a binary, which is something like an an .exe or a .dll file. By using binaries you are relieved of the task of having to compile the code by yourself.

kb/s

Okrajšava za kilobite na sekundo. Tukaj se uporablja za merjenje kakovosti zvočnih podatkov. Glej bitrate

kodek

Kratek naziv za kompresor/dekompresor. Kodek je tehnologija za kompresiranje in dekompresiranje zvočnih in video podatkov. Med bolj znanimi kodeki za računalniški zvok so MP3 in Ogg Vorbis.

kvantizacija

Kvantizacija je postopek poravnavanja not in drugih dogodkov, kot so zanke ali iztočnice, tako da se začnejo in končajo točno na ritem ali dobe.

LAME

LAME je brezplačen programski codec, ki se uporablja za kodiranje/ stiskanje zvoka v datotečni zapis MP3 lossy.

latenca

Latency refers to a short period of delay (usually measured in milliseconds) between when an audio signal enters and when it emerges from a system. Being able to lower the latency as much as possible makes a huge difference in responsiveness.

metapodatki

Na splošno je to katerikoli podatek o glasbeni datoteki, ki jo Mixxx uporablja (npr. naslov, izvajalec, album, hotcue iztočnice, zanke, …) Mnogi formati metapodatkov omgočajo, da se podatki, kot so naslov, izvajalec, album in zaporedna številka skladbe shranijo v datoteko samo. Glej https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ID3 . Mixxx dodatne metapodatke o glasbi shranjuje v podatkovni bazi. Tu shranjuje npr. ritmično mrežo, podatke o valovni obliki, hotcue iztočnice, sezname predvajanje, zaboje, število predvajanj, itd.

MIDI

Short for for Musical Instrument Digital Interface. A digital communications language and hardware specification enabling compatible electronic instruments, sequencers, computers, etc., to communicate with each other in a network.

MIDI controller

An external hardware device that generates and transmits MIDI data to MIDI-enabled hardware or software (e.g. Mixxx). Usually connected to your computer via USB, MIDI controllers allow you to control audio applications among others. Many DJs prefer to control DJ software using physical knobs, faders, and wheels instead of using a computer keyboard.

MP3

A patented audio compression algorithm which uses a form of lossy data compression. It is de-facto standard of digital audio compression for music. MP3 files generally end with a .MP3 extension.

navzkrižni drsnik

The crossfader is a slider that determines how much each deck of audio contributes to the master output.

odprta koda

Generically, open-source refers to a program for which the source code is available to the public for use and/or modification from its original design free of charge. Open source code is typically created as a collaborative effort in which programmers improve upon the code and share the changes within the community. Open source sprouted in the technological community as a response to proprietary software owned by corporations. For more information, see Wikipedia.

Ogg Vorbis

A patent-free audio compression algorithm which uses a form of lossy data compression. It is designed to provide for efficient streaming and manipulation of high quality digital audio. Ogg Vorbis files generally end with a .OGG or .OGA extension.

OpenGL

An operating system feature used to draw hardware-accelerated graphics. Mixxx uses OpenGL to draw the waveform displays and spinning vinyl widgets.

operacijski sistem

Your operating system (OS) is the computing environment on your computer. For example, Windows, Mac OS X, or GNU/Linux are the three operating systems that Mixxx supports.

PFL

PFL or “pre-fader listen” is a fancy word for whether or not you are “pre-listening” to a deck in your headphones. See also: headphone button.

podcast

A podcast is a feed of audio or video files made available for free or for purchase over the Internet. Podcast clients such as iTunes allow listeners to subscribe to the feed and automatically download content to their portable audio players as it becomes available.

povzetek valovne oblike

The waveform summary shows the waveform envelope of the track near the current playback postition.

predposlušanje

Headphone cueing, or just cueing, is listening to the next track you would like to mix in in your headphones. The audience will not hear what you are cueing in your headphones. Being able to cue is a crucial aspect to DJing.

predvajalnik

A deck is like a virtual vinyl turntable. You can load a track into it and play the track, just like you would put a record on turntable and play it.

pregibanje višine

Tehnika uporabljena pri didžejanju, ki začasno spremeni hitrost skladbe, ponavadi ko držimo gumb. Ta tehnika je ponavadi namenjena mikro-popravkom sinhronizacije skladb, ko izenačujemo njihov ritem. Pred digitalnim didžejanjem se je to delalo s pritiskom prsta na gramofonsko ploščo, da se jo je upočasnilo ali s stiskanjem sredinskega vstavka, da se jo je pospešilo.

pregled valovne oblike

The waveform overview shows the waveform envelope of the entire track, and is useful because they allow DJs to see breakdowns far in advance.

preglednica cue izotčnic

A cue sheet (or CUE file, CUE sheet, etc.) is a formatted plain text file which is used to provide index information for a large audio file. For example, it can be used to tell software extra details about the layout of a CD to burn.

ravnovesje

Kontrola ravnovesja na mikserju omogoča prilagajanje ravnovesja med levim in desnim kanalom. Ravnovesje se nanaša na relativno glasnost posameznega kanala v stereo signalu.

ReplayGain

ReplayGain normalizes audio data in a non-destructive way, so the tracks in your music library don’t all play at different volumes. Audio files are scanned by a psychoacoustic algorithm to determine the loudness of the audio data. ReplayGain information is stored as metadata in a digital audio file in order for the sound to be correctly played at the right level of loudness.

RGB

The RGB color model is an additive color model in which red, green, and blue light are added together in various ways to reproduce a broad array of colors. The name of the model comes from the initials of the three additive primary colors, red, green, and blue.

ritmična mreža

Serija oznak, ki kažejo na lokacijo dob v skladbi. Ritmične mreže se uporabljajo za napredne načine miksanja, kot je sinhronizacija skladb, natančna sinhronizacija efektov, ustvarjanje zank in natačen prikaz hitrosti v BPM.

shoutcast

Shoutcast is proprietary software that allows digital audio content to be broadcast to and from media player software, enabling the creation of Internet radio stations.

sinhronizacija

Sync allows you to automatically adjust a track’s tempo and phase to be in sync with another deck that is playing.

skladba

Skladba je drug naziv za posnetek

sporočilo o hrošču

Every software has bugs. When you come across a bug in this software, you should submit a report about it to the developers. They can use this to identify, replicate and fix the issue.

spreminjajoče pregibanje višine

V osnovi gre za isto stvar, kot pri pregibanju višine, s to razliko, da se višina in hitrost spremenita postopoma in ne takoj. Pogosto se uporablja za začasno spreminjanje višine in hitrosti. Oponaša učinek dotikanja gramofona, da bi ga začasno upočasnili ali pohitrili.

stikalo ‚izniči‘

Gumb za vklop ali izklop posameznih frekvenčnih razponov v posameznem kanalu. To so visoki, srednji in nizki toni. Uporabno za efekt, ko DJ neko skladbo za trenutek vrže ven in ustvari prostor za prehod.

stopnja

Hitrost s katero se sladba predvaja, ponavadi izraženo v procentih hitrosti relativno na normalno hitrost skladbe. Pogosto med miksanjem didžeji prilagodijo hitrost skladb, tako da se predvajajo z enako hitrostjo, kot druge. To omogoča didžejem da miksajo na ritem, kar je osnovni tehnika didžejanja.

takt

Takt označuje segment časa, ki se sestavljen iz določenega števila dob. Skladbe so ponavadi sestavljene iz več taktov enake dolžine.

tempo

The speed of a track measured in bpm.

upravljanik datotek

A computer program that organizes data files into groups and shows you where they are when you need to find them again. Popular file managers for the operating systems Mixxx supports are Explorer on Windows, Finder on Mac OS X and Nautilus on GNU/Linux.

url

Uniform Resource Locator. The address that defines the route to a file on an Internet server. URLs are typed into a Web browser to access Web pages and files, and URLs are embedded within the pages themselves as hypertext links. One example of a URL is http://www.mixxx.org .

vu meter

The volume unit (VU) meter is used to show the relative levels of audio signals and is subdivided across channels. Basically it represents how ‚loud‘ a sound from a channel is.

vzvratno

Reverse plays a track backwards.

WAV

Standard digital audio file format used for storing waveform data; allows audio recordings to be saved with different sampling rates and bitrates; often saved in a 44.1 KHz, 16-bit, stereo format, which is the standard format used for CD audio. Wave files are not compressed, and are therefore lossless. Wave files generally end with a .WAV extension.

z izgubami

Used when describing audio compression algorithms, a lossy algorithm is one which results in a loss in audio quality when used.

zaklepanje

With key lock enabled, the tempo of the track will change but the pitch remains consistent. When unlocked, the pitch slider will speed up (or slow down) the track and the pitch will increase (or decrease) along with it.

zvočna kartica

Also known as an audio card, it is an internal computer expansion card or external expansion device that facilitates the input and output of audio signals to and from a computer. Today DJ-soundcards are usually connected via USB and have at least 2 stereo audio outputs to support cueing.